密歇根大学的跨学科学位及启示

摘要

跨学科学位是美国研究型大学基于学位实施跨学科人才培养的一种重要方式。密歇根大学的BGS （ Bachelor in General Studies）就是这样一类学位。它不需要以主修专业为基础，而是基于多个学科、院系选择课程、组织知识、技能与经验等，使学生在一个自主设计的学位项目中追求自己的兴趣。BGS主要面向的是带有跨学科兴趣的学生，其课程体系主要由跨学科课程和选修课程两部分构成，在提供跨学科组织课程机会的同时也使学生跨学科组织学习内容。BGS对我国高校的跨学科人才培养实践有如下启示：尊重学生的多样化和个性化学习需求；重视独立的、基于学位的跨学科人才培养形式的开发；在“专业目录”和“学位授予目录”中增设“跨学科”门类；加强课程资源的共享。%The interdisciplinary degree is an important form of interdisciplinary education based on the degree in American Research Universities. BGS( Bachelor in General Studies)of University of Michigan is such kind of degree. It does not need to be on the basis of the major,but chooses courses and organizes knowledge,a skills and experience from multiple disciplines and departments,which can make the students pursuing their interests in an individual designed degree program. BGS is mainly for students with interdisciplinary interests,and its cur-riculum system mainly consists of two parts that are interdisciplinary courses and elective courses,which provide opportunities of organizing courses inter-disciplinarily and force them organizing learning content at the same time. It has the following enlightenments to our country:to respect students′diversified and personalized learning needs;to attach great importance to the independent form of interdisciplinary education based on the degree;to add“inter-discipline”category to“major directory”and“degree-conferring directory”;to strengthen the sharing of curriculum resources.