长链非编码RNA在动物和植物中的最新研究进展

摘要

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an important non-coding transcript larger than 200nt in length and have extremely low protein-coding ability or without protein-coding ability.LncRNA can regulate gene expression at transcription and post-transcription, epigenetic level, and plays an important role in a wide ranges of biological processes such as genomic imprinting, chromatin remodeling, transcriptional activation, transcriptional interference and cell cycle.It become the current hot topics in the study of molecular biology and genetics.Based on the latest research progress on lncRNA in recent years, the biological processes involved in animals and plants were compared in this review.Advance are highlighted according to molecular mechanism, functions, research strategies of lncRNA and problems faced in the present study, which providing a guide for further study of functions and molecular mechanism of lncRNA in animals and plants.%长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)是一类转录本长度大于200nt、不编码或很少编码蛋白质的RNA.lncRNA能在转录、转录后、表观遗传等多个水平调控基因表达,广泛参与基因组印迹、染色体重塑、转录激活、转录干扰、细胞周期等多种生命过程的调控,影响着各种生物学过程,是当前分子生物学和遗传学研究的热点.本文围绕近几年国内外关于lncRNA的最新研究成果,就其在动物和植物中参与的生物学过程进行了比较,对其分子机制、功能、研究策略及目前研究中面临的问题等作一综述,为进一步在动植物领域研究lncRNA的功能和分子机制提供依据和参考.