美国公司背景下的律师—委托人特免权适用标准研究

摘要

To promote fully and profoundly exchanging of all case information between the attorney and the client,such exchanged contents are protected by the Corporate Attorney-Client Privilege,whose application standard in general application standard,controlled group standard,subject matter standard,and other standard,is of great controversial.Comparing with controlled group standard,the subject matter standard expands the range of protecting the attorney and the client in company staff.With the case of Upjohn Co.v.United States,the Supreme Court of the United States judged the application standard for the Corporate Attorney-Client Privilege.Although the case of Upjohn Co.established the foundation for the Corporate Attorney-Client Privilege,the judgment did not thoroughly solve the disputes on the application standard.%为了促进委托人和律师充分且深入地交流一切案件信息,委托人与律师之间的交流内容受到律师—委托人特免权的保护。由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准存在很大争议。由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准存在普遍适用标准、控制群体标准、事项标准以及其他标准。事项标准与控制群体标准相比扩大了受律师—委托人特免权保护的员工的范围。美国联邦最高法院通过厄普约翰案对由公司享有的律师—委托人特免权的适用标准作出了判决。厄普约翰案为由公司享有适用律师—委托人特免权奠定了基础,但是该判决并未彻底解决适用标准存在的争议。