扒窃的司法实践分析与规范含义界定

摘要

Through the combing of the 324 criminal verdicts of pickpockets in Shanghai two years after the criminalization of pickpockets,combined with the cases in other areas,we can draw the cognizance of the generalization tendency on the determination of pickpockets in judicial practice. At present,it is too excessive and too one-sided about the interpretation of the social harmfulness of pickpockets in theory and practice. In the normative view of criminal law,the pickpockets should have three conditions about the theft occurred in public area,the object of pickpockets must be the possession next to the skin and easily moving,and the victim in the state of conscious awareness. This definition of pickpockets will help to correct the excessive interpretation of the social harmfulness of pickpockets,accord with the original meaning of the word of pickpockets and the fact characteristics of pickpockets behavior,agree with the legislative intent of the criminalization of pickpockets. At last,this definition of pickpockets is based on the conclusions of the substantive interpretation of the elements about the pickpockets crime.%通过对扒窃入刑后两年间上海市324件扒窃案件裁判文书的梳理，并结合其他地区个案，可以得出司法实践中关于扒窃的认定存在泛化的趋势。当前理论和实务关于扒窃社会危害性的解读，存在过度性和片面性。刑法规范视野下的扒窃应同时具备扒窃行为发生在公共场所、扒窃的对象必须是他人贴身占有的易转移性财物和被害人处于意识清醒状态三个条件。对扒窃行为的这一界定，有利于对扒窃社会危害性过度解读的矫正，符合扒窃一词的本来含义和扒窃行为的事实特征，又与扒窃行为入罪的立法原意相契合，同时也是基于扒窃犯罪构成要件实质解释所得出的结论。