C20∶4和C22∶6对早产儿视功能和认知功能的影响

摘要

【目的】 探讨补充模拟母乳二十二碳六烯酸(C22∶6 ，DHA)和二十碳四烯酸(C20∶4，AA)水平的脂肪酸对早产儿视功能和认知功能的影响 。【方法】 选取体质量<2 100 g ，胎龄<37周的早产儿32名，分为3组：A组，母乳组11例；B组，传统配方组10例；C组，补 充组11例。B组配方不含DHA和AA，C组配方添加了DHA和AA。补充组配方补充至婴儿体质量达 (2.50±0.10) kg。当胎龄满42周±1周时以鲍秀兰等新生儿行为神经测定方法测认知功能 ；出生后3个月时测双眼视网膜电图。【结果】 补充组早产儿在视功能、认知功能等方面都 与母乳组相近，而传统配方组则低于母乳组和补充组(P<0.05)。【结论】 给予早产儿 补充模拟母乳水平的DHA和AA，可促进其正常的脑发育和视网膜发育，使认知功能和视功能 与母乳喂养的早产儿相近。%【Objective】 To study the effects of docosahexaenoic ac id (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) intake on the visual and cognitive function o f preterm infants. 【Methods】 32 preterm infants (gestational age<37 weeks) wer e divided into three groups which were fed with different formula respectively: group A, breast milk(n=11); group B, a conventional formula lacking DHA and AA (n=10); group C, DHA and AA enriched formula (n=11). Group C was stop ped to fed enriched formula when infant's weight reached (2.50±0.10) kg. Cognitiv e function was evaluated by NBNA test when the corrected age of each preterm inf ant was 42 week±7 day, ERG of both eyes was tested at three-months old. The ex periment lasted for three months. 【Results】 Cognitive and visual function of g roup C were similar to group A, however, some indexes of group B were significan tly lower than group A and C (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Adding DHA and AA to f ormulas similar to breast milk in amounts, can improve cognitive and visual func tion of preterm infants, and help these infants to achieve similar cognitive and visual function to those breast-milk-fed preterm infants.