Leading industries play guiding role and promoting role in the evolution for industrial structure. Choosing the right leading industries, can accelerate the evolution of the industrial structure and promote the development of the economy. In this paper, the author probes into the strategical selection of Chongqing’s leading industries from five respects: demands of all industries, changes of labour productivity, relations of inter-industries, status of the import and export and concentrated situation of technologies. Analyze the data by using mathematical statistic. The results showed that the leading industries in Chongqing are transportation equipment manufacturing industry, general and special equipment manufacturing, transportation, warehousing and postal service, the chemical industry, etc.%主导产业对产业结构的演变具有导向和推动作用，正确地选择主导产业，可以使产业结构加速成长，进而推动经济发展。从主导产业必须具备的基本特征，即各产业的需求、劳动生产率的变化、产业之间的关联关系、进出口的状况和技术密集状况等五个方面，利用数理统计对数据进行分析，进而对重庆市主导产业的战略性选择进行实证研究。研究结果显示，交通运输、通用、专用设备制造业，交通运输、仓储及邮政业，化学工业等是重庆市的主导产业。
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