火山活动对全球气候变化的影响

摘要

Volcanic eruption is one of the most important factors influencing global climate.Intensive volcanic activities may produce a lot of volcanic cash vapor and H2SO4 gases,which cause the reduction of solar radiation,and further result in lowering the temperature and influencing the precipitation.Geological records reveal that cold climate has a close link with volcanic eruptions.The models based on lots of observations show that the areas around volcano,even over global scale,should be having a lower temperature in one or several years after the eruptions.Researches also indicate that the effects of strong volcanic eruptions are more important than those of greenhouse gases.%火山活动是影响全球气候变化的重要因子之一.强烈的火山喷发会向大气圈排放大量的火山灰、水蒸气和SO2等气体,尤其是SO2能在平流层中形成气溶胶,并停留很长时间,减少太阳对地表的辐射量,影响局地或全球气候.地质历史记录表明,火山活动与气候冷期有密切的联系,现代观测和模拟资料也显示火山活动后的一年至几年内,火山周围地区甚至全球产生不同程度的降温.现有研究表明,在火山喷发的活跃时期,火山气体喷发物对地球气候系统的影响程度可能超过CO2等气体产生的温室效应.