美国《国民体力活动计划》中儿童青少年体力活动评估标准研究

摘要

National physical activity influences people’s health and wellbeing,and is an important symbol of comprehensive national power and civilization and progress of a society. Children are the focus of the national physical activity work. This paper examines the subjects,methods,indexes and standards of assessment of the US and China national physical activity plan for children and youth,with an aim to provide suggestions for the optimization of China’s national fitness program. The US evaluation method uses the Canada active health child report system which is based on the logical model for execution, the evaluation indexes are based on the youth ecological environment model and the standards for assessment pay more at-tention to factors concerning child and youth physical activity and health. The National Fitness Program of China uses its own evaluation subjects and the“administrative contract system”model.%全民健身关系人民群众身体健康和生活幸福，是综合国力和社会文明进步的重要标志，儿童青少年是全民健身工作的重点。本文通过对美国《国民体力活动计划》中儿童青少年的体力活动评估指标与标准体系的研究，为我国《全民健身计划》中儿童青少年体力活动评估体系优化提供借鉴。研究认为：美国儿童青少年体力活动计划评估采用加拿大活跃健康儿童评估系统；评估指标构建是以儿童青少年活动的生态环境模型为理论基础，评估标准侧重于青少年体力活动与体质健康的现状以及相关因素的作用机制。我国《全民健身计划》中儿童青少年体力活动评估指标构建局限单一学科和部门、注重计划产出，评估标准忽视信息反馈的功能。