一种形貌可控的自脆型去污剂的制备及其性能

摘要

针对核设施放射性污染去污问题,以PMMA-b-PMAA二嵌段共聚物为基体,通过加入功能助剂,制备了一种用于去除核设备表面放射性污染的自脆型放射性去污剂.IR表征表明,成膜过程中COO-与Zn2+发生了交联;观察不同单体比去污剂的自脆情况可知,调节MMA/MAA的比例可实现对去污剂自脆形貌的控制;观察去污剂在玻璃、大理石和不锈钢基材表面涂膜情况可知,去污剂在光滑表面可完全自脆;模拟放射性落下灰(掺入239 Pu元素)表面污染过程可知,去污剂对塑料漆面板上松散型放射性落下灰的去污率为98.53%.%For the radioactive pollution decontamination of nuclear facilities,using PMMA-b-PMAA diblock copolymer as substrate,a self-embrittling strippable decontaminant for removing the nuclear e-quipment surface contamination was prepared by adding function agent. The structure of the decontami-nant was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR ),indicating that carboxylic acid ions and zinc ions react to form a cross-linked polymer in the process of forming film. According to different monomer ratio of detergents since the crispy situation,the self-embrittling morphology can be controled by adjusting the proportion of monomer ratio of MMA/MAA. According to the self-embrittling situation of decontaminant on the surface of glass,marble base and stainless steel,the decontaminant on smooth surface can be completely self-embrittling. By simulating the process of surface contamination by nuclear fallout (mixed with 239 Pu),the average decontamination efficiency reaches up to 98. 53%.