橡胶树三倍体的2n配子来源及发生途径鉴定

摘要

[目的]明确形成三倍体橡胶树云研77-2和云研77-4的2n配子来源及发生途径,为利用天然2n配子杂交选育多倍体新品种提供参考.[方法]以三倍体橡胶树云研77-2和云研77-4及其亲本为试验材料,通过SSR分子标记鉴定其2n配子来源及发生途径,并分析2n配子传递亲本的杂合性.[结果]分别通过4个位点可判定形成云研77-2和云研77-4的2n配子来源于母本GT1,无位点判定2n配子来源于父本PR107.从8个位点判定形成云研77-2的2n配子发生途径为第一次减数分裂核复原(FDR),从2个位点判定形成云研77-2的2n配子发生途径为第二次减数分裂核复原(SDR),形成云研77-2的2n配子发生途径为FDR的概率为80.00%.从8个位点判定形成云研77-4的2n配子发生途径为FDR,从3个位点判定形成云研77-4的2n配子发生途径为SDR,形成云研77-4的2n配子的发生途径为FDR的概率为72.73%.形成云研77-2和云研77-4的2n配子分别传递亲本60%和70%的杂合性.[结论]形成云研77-2和云研77-4的2n配子均来源于母本GT1,且其发生途径均为FDR.%[Objective]The sources and formation pathway of 2n gametes which formed triploid rubber trees Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-4 were studied to provide reference for hybridization breeding of polyploid new varieties using natu-ral 2n gametes.[Method]Triploid rubber trees Yunyan 77-2,Yunyan 77-4 and their parents were used as test materials. The sources and formation pathway of 2n gametes were identified by SSR markers,and heterozygosity of transfer parents of 2n gametes were analyzed.[Result]Sources of 2n gametes which formed Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-4 derived from female parent GT1 were identified by four loci respectively,while there was no locus which determined that 2n gametes derived from male parent PR107.Eight loci determined that the formation pathway of 2n gametes which formed Yunyan 77-2 was the first division restitution(FDR),two loci determined that the formation pathway of 2n gametes which formed Yunyan 77-2 was second division restitution(SDR).The probability of 2n gamete forming Yunyan 77-2 through FDR was 80.00%.Eight loci determined that the formation pathway of 2n gametes which formed Yunyan 77-4 was FDR,three loci determined that the formation pathway was SDR,the probability of 2n gamete forming Yunyan 77-4 through FDR was 72.73%.The 2n gametes which formed Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-4 transferred 60% and 70% heterozygosity of the pa-rents respectively.[Conclusion]The 2n gametes which form Yunyan 77-2 and Yunyan 77-4 all originate from the female parent GT1,and the formation pathway of 2n gametes is FDR.