2007-2014年南京市第二医院疟疾患者临床分析

摘要

目的:提高对疟疾的认识,了解疟疾流行病学特征,以期为疟疾的诊断和治疗提供帮助.方法:回顾性分析2007-2014年南京市第二医院收治的160例疟疾患者的临床资料.结果:160例患者主要来自非洲、东南亚地区和国内一些疟疾流行区,男女比例约为6∶1.其中输入性病例以恶性疟感染为主,内源性病例以间日疟感染为主;临床表现复杂且不典型,主要表现为发热、出汗,亦可伴其他各个系统症状;实验室检查显示血小板减少表现突出,其次为红细胞和血红蛋白.结论:疟疾患者临床表现复杂多变,血细胞检查常有变化,对发热患者应详问病史并结合实验室检查及早诊断并治疗.%Objective:To improve the awareness and diagnosis of malaria,we have studied epidemiologic characteristics of malaria patients in our hospital in the past eight years.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed epidemiological data,clinical manifestation,and auxiliary laboratory examination of 160 malaria patients.Results:160 malaria patients are mainly from Africa,Southeast Asia and some endemic areas in China.The sex ratio was about 6∶ 1.We have found that imported and endogenous malaia were mainly falciparum or plasmodium vivax infection repectively.Clinical manifestation of these patients was complex and atypical,which mainly included fever,sweat,and other systematic symptoms.Thrombocytopenia was the primary finding in laboratory examination,followed by erythropenia and decreased hemoglobin.Conclusion:Clinical manifestation of malaria patients is complicated and the analysis of blood cell changes frequently,therefore the epidemiological history combined with laboratory tests is crucial to early diagnosis and treatment of malaria.