基于响应曲面法的窝眼轮式三七精密排种器性能试验

摘要

【目的】优化三七窝眼轮式排种器的结构参数,提高排种器的排种性能。【方法】以三七种子为研究对象,选取排种器的型孔数量、型孔直径、型孔深度和窝眼轮转速4个因素进行2次正交旋转组合试验；利用自制土槽试验台测试试验组排种合格指数、重播指数和漏播指数；通过响应曲面法对试验结果进行分析；建立各因素和试验指标的二次回归模型；分析各因素、各因素交互项和二次项对合格指数的影响规律；优化试验因素,并进行试验验证。【结果】影响排种器合格指数的因素主次顺序为型孔直径、型孔深度、型孔数量和窝眼轮转速。当型孔深度为5．4 mm,窝眼轮转速为35 r·min-1,型孔数量为12~14,型孔直径为7．7~8．2 mm时,排种合格指数大于90,重播指数和漏播指数均小于5。优化参数后的验证结果与优化结果基本一致。【结论】可通过响应曲面法优化排种器性能。该研究可为三七播种机设计提供理论依据,为三七机械化种植奠定基础。%[Objective] To optimize the structure parameters of cell wheel notoginseng precision seeding apparatus and improve seeding performance. [Method] Notoginseng seeds were chosen as materials. Number, diameter and depth of type hole, along with cell wheel rotational speed of seed metering device were selected as four influence factors to carry out quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test. Seeding qualified index, repeat sowing index and leakage sowing index were tested by the self designed soil bin test bed. The test results were analyzed by response surface methodology, and quadratic regression models between various factors and test indexes were established. The influence rules of various factors, interaction terms and quadratic terms on the seeding qualified index were studied. Test factors were optimized and verified by actual experiment. [Result] The order of factors affecting the seeding qualified index was diameter of type hole > depth of type hole > number of type hole > rotational speed of cell wheel . The seeding qualified index was above 90 , the repeat sowing index and leakage sowing index were below 5 when the depth of type hole was 5. 4 mm, the rotational speed of cell wheel was 35 r·min-1 , the number of type hole was 12 -14 and the diameter of type hole was 7. 7 -8. 2 mm. Factors were verified after optimization, and the experimental results were generally in agreement with the optimization results. [Conclusion] The performance of this seeding apparatus can be optimized by response surface methodology. This research provides a theoretical basis for designing notoginseng seeder and mechanized sowing of notoginseng seeds.