移动对等网络中自私节点的检测和激励机制

摘要

Due to the limitation of own resource and the influence of subjective attitude,the nodes in mobile peer-to-peer networks often show selfish behavior.Detecting and stimulating selfish nodes to cooperate is becoming an important research topic recently.By allowing nodes to express their subjective forward attitude freely,the detection mechanism is implemented.Not only is the objective forwarding probability determined by its own resource,but subjective forwarding probability is also determined by selfish nodes that are considered.Therefore,choosing a routing path with the highest integrated forwarding probability can alleviate the influence of selfish nodes.To motivate the excessive selfish nodes to actively cooperate,an incentive and cooperation model based on punishment mechanism is presented.The selfish nodes are punished based on the damage degree of their selfish behavior.The monitor mechanism among nodes and strict punishment mechanism assure that the strategy proof is achieved.Simulation results show that the detection and incentive mechanism can not only discover appropriate routing in the condition of every rational and selfish node has limited resource,but also stimulate selfish nodes to actively cooperate when the degree of nodes' selfishness is high.%由于其自身资源等客观因素的限制以及主观态度的影响,移动对等网络中的节点常常表现出自私性,因此,检测并激励自私节点合作成为当前重要的研究内容通过允许节点自由表达其主观转发态度,实现对自私节点的检测.即在路由选择时,不仅考虑到链路质量和节点能量等因素决定的路径的客观转发概率,而且考虑到路径上节点自私性影响下的主观转发概率,以选择出综合转发概率最高的路径,从而减轻自私节点的影响.当节点自私度过重时,设计了一个基于惩罚机制的激励合作模型以鼓励节点参与合作.根据节点自私行为的危害程度,对其采取相应的惩罚措施.节点之间的监控机制和严格的惩罚机制保证了防策略性的实现.模拟实验结果表明,该检测和激励机制不仅能够在节点能量受限和理性自私的情况下寻找到合适的路由,而且能够激励过于自私的节点积极参与网络活动.