大深度潜器载人球壳开孔强度的理论计算及试验验证

摘要

文章根据外压球壳开孔区域的轴对称性和等面积补强所体现的主要强度特征对大深度载人厚球壳锥台形开口加强形式进行几何变换，同时求解系数十分复杂的三阶非齐次方程，完善和扩展球壳开口围壁、厚板嵌入组合加强的理论计算方法。通过两个4500 m潜器球壳几种开口加强形式的应力集中系数理论计算、有限元计算和试验验证，证明了该方法的可靠性和适用性，可为制订大深度潜器载人球壳强度规范提供依据。%According to the axial symmetry of external pressure spherical shell open areas and strength char-acteristics of Equivalent Area Reinforcement, this paper makes geometric transformations to cone-platformed open reinforcements of deep manned thick spherical shell and solves a complicated three-order nonhomo-geneous equation, perfecting and expanding theoretical calculation methods of spherical shell opening with wall and thick plate combination reinforcements. Based on the theoretical calculation, FEM and experimen-tal verification of stress concentration factor in two 4 500 meters deep manned spherical shells, the reliabili-ty and applicability of this method is proved. This paper can provide basis for revising deep-sea manned spherical shell strength specification.