水下运动物体产生内波的研究进展

摘要

Internal waves generated by submerged moving bodies are one of significant content of the study of internal wave dynamics and have important military application value. Two types of internal waves were classified: Lee waves and wake internal waves, according to the way how submerged moving bodies disturb surrounding stratified fluids. This paper synthesizes the generation mechanism of Lee waves, followed by a separate summarization of theoretical, laboratory and numerical studies of Lee waves, and then gives a sum up of the research results that were obtained by the three aspects of studies. And, the research works of wake collapse internal waves and wake random internal waves in each developing stage are expounded. Al-so, a conclusion of the research results of the two kinds of wake internal waves is provided, respectively. Fi-nally, some problems that deserve more attention and corresponding research approaches are proposed with the goal of advancing the study process of this subject.%水下运动物体产生内波是内波动力学研究的一项重要内容，具有重要的军事应用价值。依据水下运动物体对周围层化流体扰动方式的不同，将水下运动物体产生的内波分为两类：Lee波和尾流内波。文章首先在综合Lee波产生机制的基础上，对Lee波的理论、实验和数值研究工作进行了归纳，并给出了通过这三种手段对Lee波进行研究所取得的成果。同时，对尾流塌陷内波和尾流随机内波的研究状况和研究成果进行了介绍和总结。最后，提出在推进水下运动物体产生内波的研究过程中需要关注的几个问题和相应的研究思路。