基于系统获得性沉默的果树砧木分子育种

摘要

在果树栽培生产中嫁接是主要的繁殖方式,砧木育种是果树育种的重要内容.近些年来的研究表明,一些mRNA和小RNA能够在植物细胞间移动,并且能够穿过嫁接口在植物体内长距离运输传递.总结了能够通过嫁接长距离传递的植物内源RNA分子的种类,介绍了基因沉默原理和技术,提出了基于系统获得性沉默原理的果树砧木分子育种策略,并分析了其可能存在的问题,为进一步开展果树砧木分子育种提供思路和参考.%Grafting is the main method of propagation in fruit tree cultivation, so rootstock breeding is a very important research field in fruit tree breeding. Recently, studies showed that some mRNAs and small RNAs move between cells and transport long distance across the graft union. This review summarized the endogenous plant RNAs having long-distance transportability as demonstrated by experiments based on grafting, and introduced the principle and technology of gene silencing. The strategy of molecular breeding of fruit tree rootstock based on systemic acquired silencing was analyzed and its problem was discussed. The aim of this review was to provide ideas and guidance for further study on molecular breeding of fruit tree rootstock.