内蒙古卓资县土地利用与植被覆盖动态变化

摘要

In this paper, land use change and dynamics of vegetation coverage were studied in the county scale in Zhuozi county, the model in Project to Reverse Farmland into Forestland in Inner Mongolia, using 1999 and 2007 's TM image data before and after the project. The results showed that: Land use changes of farmland area decreased by 5.88% from 23.54% in 1999 to 17.66% in 2007, forest and grass land area increased by 8.19% in 2007 compared with that in 1999; land use mainly changed from farmland into forest and grassland. The area of vegetation coverage below 10% mainly changed into two levels: 10% - 30%and 30% - 50%, and the area of vegetation coverage 30% ～ 50% transferred into a dynamic balance with coverage degree of 50% ～ 70%, the area of vegetation coverage higher than 70% remained stable. Spatial distribution with different levels of vegetation cover transferred differently. The area with the low coverage levels (higher than 10% or from 10% to 30% ) mainly distributed in the east of Zhuozi county, the area with high coverage levels (from 50% to 70%, or higher than 70%) were mainly distributed in the west of Zhuozi county, and the area with coverage of 30% ～ 50% distributed uniformly.%以内蒙古退耕还林典型县卓资县为研究对象,利用1999年与2007年2期TM影像数据,在县域尺度上对该地区的土地利用与植被覆盖进行研究,分析退耕还林工程实施前后卓资县土地利用结构和植被覆盖的动态变化.结果表明,土地利用类型变化:耕地面积由1999年的23.54％降低到17.66％,减少5.88百分点;林草面积较退耕前1999年提高8.19％;土地利用类型主要是耕地向林地和草地转变.植被覆盖度变化:＜10％的植被覆盖度主要向10％～30％和30％～50％这2个植被覆盖度等级转移,30％～50％和50％～70％这2个等级的植被覆盖度之间可相互转移且处于动态平衡,＞70％植被覆盖度基本保持稳定.不同等级的植被覆盖度转移空间分布存在差异,低覆盖度等级(＜10％,10％～30％)主要分布在卓资县东部,高覆盖度等级(50％～70％,＞70％)转移主要分布在卓资县西南部,30％～50％覆盖度等级分布均匀.