不同覆膜方式对旱地麦田土壤微生物量碳氮磷的影响

摘要

The effects of different mulching methods on soil microbial biomass in dryland wheat field were studied by field experiment.The results showed that soil microbial biomass C decreased gradually from jointing stage to harvest stage of wheat,while soil microbial biomass N and P showed an increasing trend with the extension of growth period.Soil microbial biomass C and microbial biomass P were significantly higher than those without plastic film mulching treatment,and the whole film mulch treatment was the most significant,compared with the same measurement-control treatment with the same fertilization level the whole film mulch treatment increased 64.52％-130.54％ and 25.81％-58.98％,respectively,while the soil microbial biomass N was significantly lower than that without plastic film mulching,and the whole film mulch treatment decreased more obviously.The results showed that mulching could improve the soil water and thermal conditions,increase the soil microbial biomass C and microbial biomass P,and improve the soil fertility,is one of the important measures for the sustainable development of agriculture in the area of dryland.%通过大田试验研究不同覆膜方式对旱地麦田土壤中微生物生物量的影响.结果表明,土壤微生物量碳从小麦拔节期到收获期呈逐渐下降趋势,而土壤微生物量氮和磷则随着生育期的延长呈上升趋势;土壤微生物量碳和微生物量磷均为覆膜处理显著高于不覆膜处理,且以全膜穴播效果最为显著,分别比相同施肥量的测控施肥处理高64.52％～ 130.54％和25.81％ ～ 58.98％,而土壤微生物量氮则为覆膜处理显著低于不覆膜处理,并且全膜穴播处理的降低幅度更明显.可见,覆膜可以改善土壤水热条件,提高土壤微生物量碳和磷,进而提高土壤肥力,是适合晋南地区旱作农业可持续发展的重要措施之一.