To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in women and children in China, 11 628 people en-rolled in hospital were investigated.The HBV associated proteins, HBsAg and anti-HBS were determinated by en-zyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA), and the serum HBV-DNA was determinated by real-time quantitative poly-merase chain reaction (PCR).The results showed that the HBsAg postive rate was 4.77% in 10759 investigated peo-ple, while the anti-HBS positive rate was 69.76%.And in 869 HBV-associated individuals, the positive rate of HBV-DNA was 37.63%.Moreover, with the increasement of age, the HBV infection markers in serum were increased, which showed that the infection rate of HBV decreased, as the the popularity of vaccine and the enhancement of con-sciousness in population.%为了解中国现阶段乙型肝炎病毒在妇女和儿童中的感染状况,本调查采用酶联免疫吸附测定技术和实时定量聚合酶链式反应对我国中部某省的11628人血清中乙肝标记物进行检测和分析.在10759位被调查的人群中,HBsAg阳性率为4．77％,血清中抗－HBs阳性率为69．76％；而在869位就诊的人群中,HBV－DNA阳性率高达37．63％.此外,随着年龄段的增长,血清中乙肝标记物比例有所增加,说明随着乙肝疫苗的普及和群众意识的提高,我国乙肝病毒的感染率有所下降.
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