以废旧汽车刹车片为原料，在N2气氛下600∼1000◦C热解制得硬炭材料。以酚醛树脂为对比实验，通过热重分析(Thermal gravimetric analysis)、扫描电子显微镜(Scanning electron mcroscope)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction)、红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy)分析、拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy)分析等测试手段对硬炭进行表征，并分别对将2种材料作为锂离子电池负极材料制备的扣式电池进行充放电性能测试。测试结果表明：热解温度对硬炭结构和充放电性能有一定的影响，在600∼1600◦C温度范围内，热解碳在1300◦C条件下表现最优充放电性能，可逆容量和库伦效率分别为112.05 mA · h/g和52.31%，倍率和循环容量保持率分别达到87.23%和64.39%；对比酚醛树脂在最佳热解条件1200◦C的充放电数据，即可逆容量和首次库伦效率分别为189.26 mA · h/g和58.45%，倍率和循环的容量保持率分别为51.52%和55.12%。因此，废旧汽车刹车片热解碳在实际应用中具有较好回收价值。%Hard carbon was prepared by using waste car brakes at a temperature of 600—1 000 ◦C under an inert atmosphere. Compared with phenolic resin, the structures of the hard carbon were studied through thermal analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan elec-tron microscope (SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The charge-discharge performance of lithium-ion battery button was also tested. Results showed that pyrolysis temperature had a certain effect on the characteristics of pyrolytic carbon. During 600—1 600 ◦C, the waste car brakes pyrolytic carbon under 1 300 ◦C exhibited optimal charge-discharge per-formance. The detailed results were:reversible capacity 112.05 mA · h/g, coulombic efficiency 52.31%, multiplying power 87.23%and circulation capacity retention 64.39%. Phenolic resin showed the best performance under 1 200 ◦C with four values above mentioned:189.26 mA · h/g, 58.45%, 51.52%and 55.12%, respectively. Such improving data indicated that pyrolytic carbon from waste car brakes has a good recovery value in actual application.
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