Chromosome studies were observed on 23 adult cases with acute myelomonocytic (M4) or acute monocytic (M5) leukemias. Chromosome abnormalities were found in 7 cases, among whom 3 patients with M4 all revealed monosomy 7 or deletion 7, but one with inv (16). Rearrangement of chromosome 11 were not observed in the M5. The rate of complete remission and median survival for patients M4 under 60 years of age was higher and longer than that for those with M5 over 60 years old. The prognosis of M4 was usually good.
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