从消防部门处置化学灾害事故训练需求出发,采用基于Web的虚拟现实和智能组卷技术,设计并实现了一种化学灾害事故处置在线培训系统.按照化学危险品在储存、运输、生产环节中发生泄漏、燃烧和爆炸等事故类型进行分类,提供了危险源理化性质、事故特点及危害性分析、灭火救援行动措施等知识的在线学习和考试功能.在技术实现方面,采用互联网Web3D标准X3D技术,以三维方式模拟事故场景和表现知识内容,为用户提供了一个网络化、沉浸式的三维互动学习模式和环境.系统的设计和实现为化学灾害事故处置培训工作网络化、培训内容系统化、表现形式多样化提供了一种新的思路.%Chemical accidents has become one of the environmental and safety issues widespread concerned in the world today for its characteristics of abruptness, huge perniciousness and difficult to deal with the emergencies. To carry out a wide range of chemical accidents emergency rescue training and improve the accident site disposal capacity of first responders has become an urgent task for fire department. The introduction of the advanced education , training model and training technical means and methods is an effective way to improve the training quality. In this paper, a chemical accident emergency response online training system was designed and achieved using web based virtual reality and intelligent test construction techniques, according to fire department training and education requirements. On system design, the accident types were classified in accordance with the hazardous chemicals' leakage, fire and explosion in the storage, transport and production processes, and online learning and examination functions of the physical and chemical properties of hazards materials, accidents characteristics and hazard analysis, measures for firefighting and rescue operations were provided. On system implementation, Internet Web3D standard, X3 D technology was applied to simulate accident scenarios and describe emergency response knowledge, which provides users a three-dimensional immersive and interactive network learning environment. It enlightens a new way for the networked environment, systematic content and diverse forms of the chemical accident disposal online training.
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