露天矿生产爆破,特别是靠帮爆破在边坡中形成的爆破损伤区对其稳定性具有很大的影响.本文针对大孤山铁矿露天爆破开采的实际情况,建立了极限平衡数值分析模型及峰值速度衰减公式.利用数值分析软件Geoslope对边坡靠帮爆破过程中岩体损伤范围进行了研究,主要分析了在爆破-200 - -212m水平时,爆破震动对边坡岩体的影响,并利用萨道夫斯基公式和PPV安全判据对爆区周围岩体损伤范围进行了计算.结果表明距离炮孔6.2m以内范围为完全破碎区,6.2-12.4m为岩体重度损伤区,12.4 - 19.7m为轻微损伤区.数值分析表明距爆源同一距离的岩体质点峰值速度随深度的增加而减小,爆破区周围震动波速成漏斗形分布,同实际爆破情况吻合.%During open pit mine blasting,slope stability has been great affected by the slope blasting damage partition near slope blasting. A calculation model for slope blasting and the blasting vibration attenuation formula were built in the light of the practical situation during the blasting production in Dagushan iron mine. The numerical analysis software Geoslope was used to study the rock blasting damage range near slope blasting, then blasting vibration on the influence of the slope rock mass were analyzed under the conditions of-200 -212 meters mining levels, and the damage range surrounding blasting zone were obtained with Sadaovsky empirical formula and PPV damage criterion. The results showed that away from the gun hole within 6.2meters for completely broken range of rock mass, 6. 2-12. 4 meters for severe damage range, 12.4 -19. 7 meters for minor damage range. Numerical analysis showed that the rock peak speed of particle with same distance from the blasting source would decrease with the increase of depth, the vibration wave velocity around the blasting area showed a funnel distribution fwhich agreed with the actual blasting situation.
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