火电厂液氨泄漏事故影响分析及对策研究

摘要

主要对火电厂液氨泄漏事故后对周围大气环境的影响进行了预测分析研究,并给出了相应安全对策.研究以陕西某电厂2×660MW燃煤机组为例,使用详实可靠的参数对该电厂可能发生的液氨储罐泄漏事故进行了不同气象条件下的风险模拟预测,并根据预测结果画出了可供应急救援参考使用的最不利气象条件下液氨储罐最大可信事故泄漏后不同时刻的影响范围动态图.研究还根据收集到的施工设计资料及参数对200-1000MW级火电厂的液氨泄漏进行了预测,给出各级别火电机组液氨泄漏事故后可能出现的最大致死半径范围.为降低火电厂液氨泄漏风险提出了相应的安全对策和应急救援要求,对避免和减少液氨中毒伤亡事故具有指导意义.%This paper forced on simulation the atmospheric environment impact of liquid ammonia leakage accident in thermal power plant.And a response plan was discussed.By using a typical power plant with 2 × 660MW coalfired units in Shaanxi province as an example,the potential environmental hazard from the usage and storage of liquid ammonia in thermal power plant was analyzed.Based on reliable data,the atmospheric environment risk of maximum credible accident of this power plant was predicted and prediction dynamic graph at different time of the accident was drawn.The potential environmental hazard from liquid ammonia leakage of the coal-fired units in range of 200MW to 1000MW was also analyzed.According to the analyses,a potential maximum lethal range was given.This research can be used as a reference for the establishment of thermal power plant emergency response plan and emergence rescue requirements,which could be used as a guideline to minimize the damage of leakage accident.