扬沸火灾发生时间预测模型的建立与应用分析

摘要

The boilover fire of crude oil storage tank is evolved by pool fire,which is a great danger accident.It is one of the complicated topics in the boilover mechanism to predict the boilover fire time accurately.The common model of boilover time has not considered the impact of the oil viscous,so the calculation error is larger.Boilover fire was treated as non-steady-state heat transfer without internal heat source in the paper.Based on the analysis of heat transfer,a computational model of boilover fire time was built.There were six groups of different sizes and filling levels of crude oil storage tanks set fire,and the derived model to calculate the time of boilover accidents.Comparing with the experimental results,the derived model was more accuracy than common,because its error was s relatively small and reasonable.The conclusion of this study is important for firefighting and rescuing of boilover fire.%原油储罐扬沸火灾由池火灾发展而成,是一种危害性极大的事故.准确预测扬沸事故发生的时间,是扬沸机理研究中的难题之一.现有扬沸时间计算的通用模型由于没有考虑油品的粘性作用,计算结果误差较大.把扬沸火灾简化为无内热源的非稳态传热问题,在此基础上进行传热分析,进而推导出扬沸事故时间计算模型.设定了6组不同尺寸和不同充装水平的原油储罐池火灾,利用推导模型计算出了相应的扬沸事故发生时间.将计算结果与通用模型计算结果以及实验结果进行对比:该模型的准确性由于通用模型,计算结果与实验值误差较小,较为合理.研究结果对于扬沸火灾事故下消防人员的灭火救援的安全保障具有重要意义.