烟花爆竹生产企业安全生产条件现状及对策

摘要

Safety conditions of fireworks production enterprises are the access conditions of fireworks producing. Safety conditions are comprised of hardware and software conditions, which the former includes enterprise site selec-tion, process layout, factory warehouse construction and the latter includes personnel training, emergency plan, safety evaluation and so on.Hardware conditions are stable and fixed relatively, which define safety situation of en-terprises from physical and space factors.Hardware conditions are"congenital"material conditions to achieve safe production.Present situation of hardware safety conditions of 35 fireworks production enterprises was analyzed. Common problems of fireworks production enterprises are nonstandard design, deficiency of 3 types of warehouse such as transit warehouse, total explosive magazine and total product library,nonattainment of 4 types of safety facil-ities such as fire prevention, explosion-proof, lightning protection, anti-static, and low mechanization degree of en-terprises in producing.Primary countermeasures were suggested.%烟花爆竹生产企业安全生产条件是烟花爆竹生产企业准入门槛，该准入条件分为企业厂址选择、工艺布局、厂库房建设等安全硬件条件，以及安全管理、人员培训、应急预案、安全评价等安全软件条件。安全硬件条件是相对稳定和固定的条件，是从物质和空间等方面条件界定企业安全状况，是企业实现安全生产的“先天性”物质条件。以35家礼花弹生产企业安全硬件条件为研究对象，分析了国内烟花爆竹生产企业安全生产条件现状。烟花爆竹生产企业普遍存在设计不规范、企业“三库”（中转库、药物总库和成品总库）不足，企业“四防”（防火、防爆、防雷、防静电）不达标，企业生产机械化程度低等问题。针对前述问题提出了相应的对策措施。