基于生态效率和C模式的煤炭资源型城市循环经济比较研究

摘要

中国是发展中国家，循环经济评价应该有符合自身国情的特定标准，在经济规模增长的同时，允许环境负荷有一定幅度地增加。基于上述理念，本研究将评价过程分为发展路径评价和发展水平评价两部分。其一，构建由枣庄市、焦作市、石嘴山市和全国等几个层次的区域组成的参照系，以生态效率为评价指标，分析煤炭资源型城市循环经济的发展路径。其二，在C模式的基础上，构建循环经济评价度量模型，依据环境负荷与经济规模增长倍数之间的关系，评价煤炭资源型城市循环经济发展水平。本研究得出四点主要结论：首先，煤炭资源型城市和全国一样，循环经济走的是资源效率优先的发展道路。其次，煤炭资源型城市的综合能耗效率远远低于全国平均水平。第三，无论是煤炭资源型城市还是全国，循环经济都取得了一定的成效。第四，循环经济发展状况可以从横向比较和纵向比较两个维度进行评价。第五，以C模式作为适应中国国情的循环经济发展模式进而用以衡量区域的循环经济发展绩效具有一定的现实意义。%Being a developing country, the evaluation of Chinese circular economy should have its particular crite-rion that suits for specific national conditions. With the growth of economy, Chinese environmental loads should be permitted to increase at an appropriate speed. Based on this concept, this paper divides the process of evaluation into two parts which include evaluation of development level and evaluation of development performance. Firstly, this paper sets up a reference system which includes Zaozhuang City of Shandong Province, Jiaozuo City of Henan province, Shizuishan City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and China that is regarded as a region respectively, analyzes the development level of circular economy of coal resource cities based on the evaluation indicator of ecological efficiency, and puts forward the future direction of circular economy of coal resource cities. Secondly, based on C Model of Circular Economy, this paper constructs the measurement model of development perform-ance in which study regions are analyzed in a particular period that is from 2000 to 2020, and evaluates the de-velopment performance of circular economy for study regions according to the relationship of growth multiples between economic scale and environmental loads. We can draw several main conclusions: firstly, the development pathways of al four study regions belong to typeⅡ which resource efficiency is preferred. Secondly, the com-prehensive energy consumption efficiencies of coal resource cities were left far behind by China’s average level. Thirdly, the circular economies of al study regions have achieved remarkable progress. Fourthly, the development level of circular economy can be evaluated from two dimensions which consist of horizontal comparison method and vertical comparison method. Fifthly, C model is an appropriate development model that suits for Chinese na-tional conditions and could be selected as an important method to evaluate regional development performance of circular economy.