人类辅助生殖技术新生儿体重及疾病构成单中心回顾性分析

摘要

Objective: To investigate the neonatal birth weight and disease composition of different assisted reproductive technologies(ART).Methods: This retrospective study involved 585 patients who delivered 648 newborns after ART in Hebei Province Family Planning Research Institute from Jan.2013 to Dec.2015.According to the different ART technology,they were divided into artificial insemination(AID) group,IVF group and ICSI group.The indexes of neonatal birth weight,neonatal diseases incidence and the composition of diseases were analyzed.Results: A total of 585 pregnancy women delivered 648 newborns.The abnormal neonatal birth weight rate was 17.75%,and the birth weight rate of AID group(3.73%) was significantly lower than that in IVF group(24.26%) and ICSI group(18.18%)(P＜0.05).The abnormal birth weight rate in singleton newborns was no significantly different among the three groups(P＞0.05).The incidence of neonatal disease was 1.54%(10/648),which was 0.75% in AID group,2.37% in IVF group,3.90% in ICSI group.There was no significant difference among the three groups(P＞0.05).There were 4 cases of congenital heart disease,2 cases of cleft lip and palate,1 case of hydrocele,1 case of hydronephrosis,1 case of sex reversal and 1 case of hemangioma.Conclusions: The birth weight and neonatal disease in singleton newborns aere not significantly different among the different ART.The multiple pregnancies increase the risk of low birth weight.In order to reduce the risk of abnormal birth weight and neonatal disease,and increase neonatal birth safety,various factors should be considered before ART program.%目的 探讨不同辅助生殖技术(ART)新生儿出生体重及疾病构成情况. 方法 选取2013年1月至2015年12月于河北省计划生育科学技术研究院行ART助孕并成功分娩的妇女585例及其新生儿648名,按不同ART方案分为人工授精组(AID组)、体外受精-胚胎移植组(IVF组)和卵胞浆内单精子注射组(ICSI组),比较各组新生儿出生体重、出生疾病发生率和疾病构成情况. 结果 585例妊娠者共分娩新生儿648名,异常体重儿娩出率为17.75%;其中AID组低出生体重儿娩出率为3.73%,显著低于IVF组(24.26%)和ICSI组(18.18%)(P＜0.05),但3组间单胎新生儿异常体重娩出率无统计学差异(P＞0.05);新生儿疾病发生率为1.54%(10/648),其中AID组为0.75%、IVF组为2.37%、ICSI组为3.90%,各组间无统计学差异(P＞0.05);新生儿疾病构成为先天性心脏病4例、唇腭裂2例、鞘膜积液1例、肾积水1例、性逆转1例、血管瘤1例. 结论 不同ART方案对单胎新生儿出生体重及新生儿疾病发生率无明显影响,多胎妊娠会增加ART低体重儿出生风险;行ART助孕时应综合考虑各种影响因素,以降低异常体重儿及新生儿疾病发生风险,增加新生儿出生安全性.