选用液体石蜡为油相,油酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为乳化剂,利用高速搅拌和超声乳化的方法制备了一种新型液体石蜡乳液作为冰浆蓄冷介质.电导率测试表明:该乳液为O/W型,乳液的D50粒径为1.56μm.在乳液中添加乙醇和丁醇可有效抑制冰浆粘附聚甲基戊烯(PMP)、玻璃和不锈钢烧杯壁面.乳液在解除过冷后的初期,冰浆在不锈钢烧杯中形成速度最快,在PMP烧杯中形成速度最慢.在解除过冷相同时间内,添加乙醇的乳液体系蓄冰率(IPF)比添加丁醇的高,但随着结晶时间的增加,差值逐渐减小.解除过冷3 h后冰粒呈颗粒状,IPF在55%~65%之间,具有良好的流动分散性.%A new kind of emulsion was prepared as a cold storage material for ice slurry using high-speed stirring and an ultra-sonication bath. Liquid paraffin and a compound of sodium oleate and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ( CTAB) were chosen as the oil phase and emulsifier, respectively. The experimental results for the electrical conductivity indicate that the emulsion is oil/wate ( O/W) type. The D50 diameter of the emulsion is approximately 1. 56μm and its maximum diameter is 4. 47μm. Further, the use of ethyl alcohol and bu-tyl alcohol is effective for preventing ice adhesion to the breaker wall with polymethylpentene ( PMP) , glass, and stainless steel. Early af-ter supercooling dissolution, the highest and lowest ice formation rates occur in the stainless steel breaker and the PMP breaker, respec-tively. At the same time point after supercooling dissolution, the ice packing factor (IPF) of the system with added ethyl alcohol is higher than that having added butyl alcohol. The difference between the IPFs obtained by adding ethyl alcohol and butyl alcohol is reduced with increased ice formation time. The ice has a granular morphology and disperses well. The IPF is in the 55%-65% range at 3 hours after supercooling dissolution.
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