出口底开门敞车车体振动疲劳分析

摘要

In order to research the reason of weld cracking at side wall of gondola cars body with bottom doors, finite element model of the gondola cars body was created. Cars body responses were simulated under vibrated unloading conditions. The results show that weld cracking is caused by local resonance at side wall of gondola cars body under excited vibrating load. In order to make the car able to meet the fatigue life requirement under vibrated unloading conditions, some improvement programs were proposed. Its reliability was verified by simulation. Improvement programs are determined ultimately which meet the fatigue life requirement of this wagon under vibrated unloading conditions.%为了查明出口底开门敞车出现了侧墙焊缝开裂的原因,建立该车车体有限元模型,并针对振车卸货工况进行模拟响应计算,其结果表明该车的侧墙焊缝开裂的原因是振车器的激振载荷导致车体侧墙局部共振.为了使该车能够满足振车卸货工况的疲劳寿命要求,进而提出了一些改进方案.通过仿真验证其可靠性,最终确定了能够满足振车卸货工况下疲劳寿命要求的改进方案.