旅客对大跨度站厅振动主观感知的调研与分析

摘要

“房桥合一”结构体系是大型铁路客站普遍采用的结构形式，其站厅结构具有跨度大、自振频率低和振动效应明显等特征。旅客主观反应是建立大跨度站厅振动舒适度评价标准的重要依据。为获得旅客对大跨度站厅振动效应的主观反应，设计考虑旅客年龄、性别和姿态等多重因素的调研问卷，并在某大型铁路客站大跨度站厅调查获得544份有效调研结果。基于模糊数学评价理论，对所获调研数据进行分类统计，获得不同因素与振动感知反应的相关性以及大跨度站厅的感知率与烦恼率。调研结果表明：调查分析结果为特定使用功能建筑物的结构设计与舒适度评估提供参考依据；制定大跨度结构振动限值时，根据结构功能分区，需要综合考虑人对振动主观反应的影响因素。%“Building -Bridge integration”structure system is commonly used in large -scale railway station. The station hall has the characteristics of large -span,low natural frequencies and obvious vibration effects. Passengers'subjective response is a important basis to build the evaluation standards of vibration comfort.To ob-tain passengers'subjective response to vibration effects,design questionnaire considered of multiple factors such as age,gender,posture,having done 544 copies of survey at a large -span station hall,combining with fuzzy mathematics to analyze the questionnaires.The relevance of different factors and vibration perception,perception and annoyance rate of large -span station hall were obtained.The results show that survey results provide refer-ence for structural design and comfort assessment of functional buildings;the factors of human subjective reac-tions to vibration should be considered when developing large -span structural vibration limits,according to par-tition function of structure.