老年痴呆患者主要照护亲属的负担及生活质量相关调查研究

摘要

目的 探讨老年痴呆患者主要照护亲属的负担及影响生活质量的因素.方法 采用一般情况调查表、世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、照护者负担量表( ZBI)对老年病房住院的91名患者亲属进行调查.结果 患者的婚姻与照护者WHOQOL-BREF 总分及心理领域评分均呈正相关(P＜0.05),年龄与WHOQOL-BREF总分及生理领域、社会领域、心理领域、环境领域评分呈正相关(P＜0.05),患者的病程与照护者WHOQOL-BREF总分及各维度评分均呈负相关(P＜0.05),患者的收入与照护者WHOQOL-BREF总分及各维度评分均呈正相关(P＜0.01),患者的收入与照护者ZBI总分及个人负担、责任负担均呈负相关(P＜0.01).照护者WHOQOL-BREF总分及各维度评分与ZBI总分及各维度评分均呈负相关(P＜0.01) .多元线性回归显示,患者婚姻、病程、收入和ZBI总分对WHOQOL-BREF总分及心理领域评分有预测作用(P＜0.01);患者病程、收入和ZBI总分对WHOQOL-BREF生理领域、社会领域及环境领域评分有预测作用(P＜0.01).结论 有关医疗卫生部门及社会领域各部门应该采取措施,减轻老年痴呆患者主要照护者负担,提高其生活质量,进而提升医疗护理服务水平.%Objective To investigate the burden and influencing factors of quality of life of caretaking relatives of insenile dementia patients.Methods 91 relatives of dementia inpatients from a mental health center were assessedby general questionnaire, the brief questionnaire of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF)and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI).Results Patients' marital status and caretakers'WHOQOL-BREF total score and psychological field scores were positively correlated (P＜0.05).The patients' age was positively correlated with caretakers'WHOQOL-BREF total score and scores of the physiological, social, psychological, and environmental fields (P＜0.05).The patients' course of disease was negatively correlated with the caretakers'WHOQOL-BREF total score and each dimension score ( P ＜0.05).The patients' income was positively correlated with the caretakers'WHOQOL-BREF total score and each dimension score (P＜0.01).The patients' income was negatively correlated with caretakers'ZBI total score and the individual burden and liability burden ( P＜0.01).The caretakers' WHOQOL-BREF total scores and each dimension score were negatively correlated with the ZBI totalscores andeach dimension socre ( P ＜0.01 ).Multiple linear regression showed that patients 'marital status, course of disease, income, and the ZBI total score had predictive effects on WHOQOL-BREF total scores and psychological field scores (P＜0.01); Patients' course of disease, income, and the ZBI totalscoreshad predictive effects on WHOQOL-BREF physiological social field, and environmental fields (P＜0.01).Conclusion The relevant medical and health departments and all sectors of the social sector should take measures to reduce the burden on the main caretakers of senile dementia patients , improve their quality of life, and thereby enhancing the level of medical care services.