目的：研究久居高原汉族人群初返平原后其心脏结构、心功能、肺动脉压等的变化。方法：随机选取从内地平原移居至西藏高原多年的汉族人群，经病史及相关检查排除其他原因引起疾病者共67例，在高原及返回平原60 d左右时，分别检测其心脏结构、心脏功能、肺动脉压和瓣膜口血流速度等指标，并探讨高原初至平原心肺脱适应相关问题。结果：返回平原组[返回平原平均时间（61．52±8．13）d]左右心房和心室内径及肺动脉和右肺动脉内径，与移居高原组比较均无明显差异（P＞0．05）。左室射血分数、心脏指数等值及二尖瓣舒张早期血流最大流速和舒张晚期血流最大流速等值返回平原组和移居高原组也无明显差异（P ＞0．05）。返回平原组的肺动脉收缩压、三尖瓣返流值较明显低于移居高原组（P ＝0．045；P ＝0．041）。结论：汉族人群移居高原多年后返回平原60 d左右时间，只有肺动脉收缩压和三尖瓣返流值有较明显的降低，但仍未恢复至正常值水平，这可能与年龄因素以及移居高原时间较长有关。%Objective To study the changes of cardiac structure,heart function and pulmonary arterial pressure of the Han Chinese back to the plain after living long time on Tibetan Plateau. Methods Randomly choose 67 cases out of the Han people who have moved to the Tibetan Plateau many years , and been examined to make sure they have no disease caused by other factors. Examine their cardiac structure, heart function, pulmonary arterial pressure and valve flow velocity in Tibetan Plateau and about 60 days later back in plains respectively. Then make statistical analysis of high altitude cardiopulmonary adaptation and de-adaptation reaction according to the differences. Results Only were the values of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) from the group back to plains lower than those from the group migrated to plateau (P = 0.045; P = 0.041). Other indicators of cardiac structure, heart function, pulmonary arterial pressure and valve flow velocity did not change significantly between the group back to plains and the group migrated to plateau (P > 0.05). Conclusions To Han people who returned to plains about 60 days later after long time staying on plateau , only the values of PASP and TR significantly reduce , which have not recovered to normal levels. This may be correlated with the ageing factor and long time migrating.
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