Objective To design patient paticipatin in patient safety willness and behavior scale (PSWBS) and check its validity and explore structure model. Methods Based on the related literature at home and abroad , the theoretical model was developed on the basis of preliminary survey questionnaire and the formal scale. Preliminary survey by questionnaire was carried out on sample 1, through item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis , reliability analysis , correlation analysis , and binary content validity test scale evaluation. Results The scale was composed of four dimensions of 14 items , qualified for the theoraticl research of a scale in terms of its internal consistency reliability , content validity , structure validity associated with the school. Conclusion The scale is good at the reliability and validity , suitable for measuring the hospitalized patients′ participation in willingness to maintain their own medical treatment was safe , and mainly adopts propensity to maintain their own medical safety behavior.%目的：编制住院患者参与患者安全意愿倾向量表（PSWBS），检验其信效度并探索结构模型。方法：在国内外相关文献和理论模型基础上编制初测问卷与正式量表，对样本1、样本2、样本3进行初测问卷测查，通过条目分析、探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析、相关性分析、折半信度分析、内容效度等对量表进行检验评价。结果：量表由4个维度14个条目组成，其内部一致性信度、内容效度、结构效度和校标关联效度在量表研制理论允许范围之内。结论：该量表具有良好的信度和效度，适用于测量住院患者参与维护自身医疗安全的意愿程度和主要采取维护自身医疗安全行为的倾向性。
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