Objective To validate the hypothesis that the phenotype reversion occurs in the smooth muscle cells in the corpus cavernosum of hypertensive rats with selenium food and explore selenium′s impact on erectile function. Methods 25 14-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rates (SHR) were divided into 2 groups (SHR-ED-Se group n = 8 and SHR-ED-N group n = 9). SHR-ED-Se rats were fed with selenium diet, SHR-ED-N rats and WKY rats with normal diet. And 10 syngeneic normotensive rats (WKY) were used as control group. All rats were killed after 4-week feeding. Immunohistochemical staining and color image analysis system were used to observe expression of α-actin, desmin and osteopontin (OPN) in rats corpus cavernosum of different group. Results 2 SHR-ED-N rats died. Expression of α-actin of smooth muscle in corpus cavernosum in SHR-ED-N group was the lowest in all groups (P = 0.000), so did erection frequency (P < 0.05). Expression of OPN in SHR-ED-N is the highest (P = 0.000). No significant difference existed in expression of desmin in all group (P > 0.05). Conclusions Phenotype modulation of smooth muscle in corpus cavernosum of SHR rats can be reversed by selenium which means the smooth cells can transform from synthetic phenotype into the contractile phenotype, resulting ultimately in improving erectile function.%目的：了解硒可否使高血压大鼠阴茎海绵体平滑肌表型逆转化及对勃起的影响。方法：14周雄性自发性高血压大鼠25只，随机分两组（SHR-ED-Se组8只和SHR-ED-N组9只），前组喂含硒饲料，后组喂正常饲料，对照组同系WKY大鼠10只喂正常饲料，18周处死，记录诱导勃起次数，免疫组化染色各组大鼠阴茎海绵体平滑肌细胞α肌动蛋白（α-actin）、结蛋白（Desmin）和骨桥蛋白（OPN），以累积光密度（IOD）作为测量指标。结果：SHR-ED-N组大鼠死亡2只。α-actin表达，勃起次数：SHR-ED-N组最低，其次SHR-ED-Se（P ＜0．05）；OPN表达：SHR-ED-N最高，其次SHR-ED-Se（P ＜0．05）；Desmin表达情况：各组间差异无显著性（P ＞0．05）。结论：硒可使高血压大鼠阴茎海绵体平滑肌发生表型逆转化，由合成型向收缩型逆转化，逆转化到一定程度可改善勃起功能。
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