Objective To investigate the present status of early diagnosis and misdiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods A total of 50 patients diagnosed as NPC were recruited at the department of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in our hospital. The time from that patients felt discomfort to be diagnosed of NPC was determined bydifferent symptoms and signs. Furthermore , the status of misdiagnosis were also investigated. The spearmans rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the cancer stage and the time of confirmeddiagnosis , and the relationship between the rate of misdiagnosed and the rank of the hospital they visited. The χ2 test was then used to analyze the cancer stage with the time when they were diagnosed. Results Results indicated that the time when patients were diagnosed significantly correlated with pTNM stage (P < 0.05). Patients diagnosed in one month were most at stage Ⅱ, diagnosed in six months were stage III, and diagnosed after twelve months were stage Ⅳ(P < 0.05). Furthermore, we found that the rate of misdiagnosis of NPC was 12%. Moreover,the misdiagnosed rate was associated with the rank of the hospital patients visited. Discussion In conclusion , the present status of the early diagnosis of NPC is not optimistic. Most of the patients with NPC were misdiagnosed in basic medical institutions , especially in town or village health center. Thus, it is important to popularize the health knowledge about the secondary prevention of NPC and train the doctor in basic medical institutions.%目的：分析广东省鼻咽癌早期发现定量现况及误诊情况。方法：收集近期我院放疗科鼻咽癌病区收治经病理活检确诊的初治鼻咽癌患者50例，分析患者主诉症征类别及从发现至鼻咽癌确诊的间隔时间，同时探讨患者首诊被误诊情况。采用Spearmans秩相关分析探讨症征发现时间与分期相关性及误诊医院与误诊率相关性，采用方差分析探讨不同症征持续时间与肿瘤分期间的关系。结果：Spearmans 相关分析结果显示，首发症征从发生到鼻咽癌确诊间隔时间（AT）与pTNM分期成正相关（P ＜0．05）。症征发生1个月内就诊患者平均分期为Ⅱ期，6个月内升至超过Ⅲ期，12个月后则至Ⅳ期。首诊被误诊总体概率为12％，误诊率与医院级别相关（P ＜0．05）。结论：广东鼻咽癌早期发现状况不容乐观，镇／村等基层医疗场所鼻咽癌首诊误诊现象较为严峻，鼻咽癌二级预防宣教并于基层医疗场所开展鼻咽癌诊疗相关培训为势在必行之举。
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