活体肾移植供、受者80例生存质量及心理状态分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the quality of life and psychological status of donors and recipients of living-related donor kidney transplantation. Methods Selected the treatment of living donors in the hospital (n = 80)and recipients(n = 80)from January 2014 to January 2017 as the research objects,and 80 cases of hemodialysis patients at the same period as the control group. Using the SF-36,Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),and the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)to evaluate the psychological status of the two groups and com-pared.Results Scores of donors′physiological function,and general health compared with the norms were not sig-nificant(P>0.05),while the somatic pain scores were significantly lower than the norms(P<0.05).There was no difference between the donors group and the norms in scores of vitality,social function and emotional function (P>0.05).The scores of physical health and mental health of recipients were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05). The donors′ SAS and SDS anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher than the norms(P<0.05).Besides,SAS and SDS anxiety and depression scores of the recipients were also significantly higher than the norms(P < 0.05),but significantly lower than the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion The living-related donor kidney transplantation does not affect the quality of life and psychological state of the donor, but can improve the quality of life and reduce the anxiety and depression of the recipient.%目的 探讨亲属活体肾移植供者及受者术后生存质量与心理状态.方法 选择2014年1月至2017年1月在广州医科大学附属第二医院接受治疗的亲属活体肾移植供者(n=80)及受者(n=80)为研究对象,采用SF-36生存质量量表评价供者与常模生存质量;同时选择同期在我院接受治疗的80例血透患者作为活体肾移植受者的对照组,比较活体肾移植受者与对照组SF-36评分.运用Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价供者与常模、受者与常模的心理状况.结果 供者SF-36量表的生理健康维度中的生理功能、生理职能、一般健康评分与常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但供者躯体疼痛评分明显低于常模(P<0.05);供者SF-36量表的心理健康维度中的活力、社会功能、情感职能评分与常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但供者精神健康评分明显高于常模(P<0.05).受者生理健康与心理健康维度各个项目的评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05).供者SAS焦虑评分、SDS抑郁评分均明显高于常模(P<0.05),但均低于50分,说明供者无焦虑、抑郁状态.受者SAS焦虑评分明显高于常模(P<0.05),受者SDS抑郁评分与常模比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).受者SAS焦虑评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),受者SDS抑郁评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05),但对照组SAS焦虑评分、SDS抑郁评分均高于50分.结论 亲属活体肾移植不会影响供者的生存质量及心理状态,但是可以提升受者的生存质量,降低其焦虑、抑郁情绪.