在各类驱动电机中，永磁同步电机以其能量密度高，效率高、响应快等优势，广泛应用于电动汽车电驱动系统中。电机本体存在气隙磁场分布的非正弦特性、齿槽效应，逆变器存在死区时间和管压降等会引发电机的转矩脉动问题，导致电驱动系统产生大量电磁噪声。国内外学者提出了多种优化和改进措施，结合近年来国内外的研究成果，针对电机本体齿槽转矩脉动采用的斜槽法和分数槽法、针对电流谐波转矩脉动的迭代学习控制、重复控制法、附加转矩闭环控制和谐波电流注入法等，分析了各类方法的优缺点，为改善电动汽车的舒适性和电驱动系统的可靠性提供了理论参考。%Among all kinds of motor drive systems, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with its high energy density, high efficiency, fast response and other advantages is widely used in electric drive systems in the applications of electric vehicles. However, the distribution of non-sinusoidal magnetic field, the cogging effect and inverter causes torque ripple to produce the large amount of electromagnetic noise in the electric drive system. A variety of optimization and improvement measures are put forward by scholars, in this article the research results at home and abroad in recent years are summarized, including the cogging torque ripple with skewing-slot method and fractional slot method, current harmonic torque ripple with iterative learning control, repetitive control method, closed-loop torque control method and harmonic current injection method. The advantages and disadvantages of various methods are analyzed and summarized, which provides a theoretical guide for improving the comfort of electric vehicle and the reliability of electric drive system.
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