“燕山早丰”板栗叶片 DRIS 营养诊断研究

摘要

通过对23个代表性栗园叶片矿质营养分析，采用诊断施肥综合法（ DRIS）对迁西板栗“燕山早丰”（ Castanea mollissima cv．‘zaofeng’）进行叶片营养诊断，旨在为迁西燕山早丰的营养诊断和平衡施肥提供参考。结果表明，1）迁西“燕山早丰”叶片N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、B的适宜含量分别为：（1.997±0.169）％、（0.130±0.012）％、（0.571±0.059）％、（1.295±0.112）％、（0.679±0.075）％、685.875±76.159 mg/kg、593.780±131.690 mg/kg、12.726±1.507 mg/kg、43.418±7.889 mg/kg。2）初步制定了DRIS指数分级标准，提出了“燕山早丰”板栗园N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、B的DRIS指数适宜范围分别为：-2.2671.894、-2.1572.108、-2.0802.450、-1.7191.224、-3.9602.962、-1.8071.510、-3.0024.079、-0.8260.943、-2.1272.773。3）不同地区代表性栗园的养分需求顺序不同，养分不平衡指数（ NII）与板栗园产量间呈极显著负相关关系（ P＜0.01），迁西县西北和西南地区的板栗园普遍存在Mn缺乏的问题。4）相关分析显示，7月中旬叶片矿质元素间的正相关和负相关关系均未达到显著水平（ P＞0.05），是夏季追肥的理想时期，可避免因元素间拮抗作用导致的肥效损失。%Hebei province is one of the largest chestnut production areas in China , especially Qianxi County ,and the production of chestnut is the main income for the local farmers .However , there are some problems in chestnut production such as unreasonable application of fertilizers .Nutrition and fertilization are important factors in determining the yield and quality of chestnut .With the aim of providing reference for nutrition diagnosis and balanced fertilization in chestnut production , foliar samples were collected from 23 representative orchards of Castanea mollissima cv.“zaofeng”, and foliar nutrition diagnosis was conducted by using diagnosis and recommendation integrated system (DRIS).The results show that the optimum concentrations of N , P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and B in leaves of Castanea mollissima are (1.997 ±0.169)%, (0.130 ±0.012)%, (0.571 ±0.059)%, (1.295 ±0.112)%, (0.679 ±0.075)%, 685.875 ±76.159 mg/kg, 593.780 ±131.690 mg/kg, 12.726 ±1.507 mg/kg and 43.418 ±7.889 mg/kg.The suitable ranges of DRIS indices for N , P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and B are -2.267-1.894, -2.157-2.108, -2.080-2.450, -1.719-1.224, -3.960-2.962,-1.807-1.510, -3.002-4.079, -0.826-0.943 and -2.127-2.773.The chestnut orchards in different areas of Qianxi County have different orders of nutrition requirement , and the orchards in northwest and southwest parts of Qianxi County are in Mn nutrient deficiency .There is a significant negative correlation ( P <0.01 )between nutrition imbalance index ( NII ) and the yield .The results of correlation analysis indicate that positive correlations or negative correlations between different mineral elements in leaves are not significant in the middle of July , which suggests that the middle of July is the ideal time for topdressing for avoiding the fertilizer loss due to the antagonism of the elements .