316L（N）/CuCrZr中空结构件爆炸焊接工艺

摘要

For 316L(N)/CuCrZr cooling channel member with hollow structure,the explosive welding process was studied for the connection between the cover plate and the cooling trough body.In the welding process,composite module acted as a cavity filling mould,and the problem of lack of bearing capacity of the cavity channel was overcome."Fusible characteristics"of low melting point alloy were used to solve the problem of"release",and the hollow structural member was manufactured sucessfully.Optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS)were utilized to analyze the microstructure of the bonding interface.Its hardness,tensile and sealing properties were tested and evaluated.The results show that the bonding interface has the ideal small wavy structure.The hard-ness distribution accords with the law of typical parts of the explosive welding.The tensile surface fracture exhibits a ductile fracture with dimple features after tensile test,and the materials near the interface region own excellent toughness and ductility.The leakage rate of interface is less than 2.7×10-10 Pa.m3/s ,and its airtight performance conforms to the ITER standard.%针对具有中空结构的316L(N)/CuCrZr 冷却通道构件的制备问题,研究适用于其盖板与冷却槽相连接的爆炸焊接工艺.在焊接工艺中,使用复合模块充当空腔填充模具,克服了空腔通道承压能力缺失的难题,利用低熔点合金的“易熔”特性完成模具的“脱模”,成功制备了此型中空结构件.综合利用光学显微镜、场扫描电子显微镜和能谱分析仪,对于构件结合界面的微观组织进行观察与分析,测试并评估了结合界面的硬度、拉伸和气密性能.结果表明,焊接结合界面具有理想的小波状结构,硬度分布符合爆炸焊接制件的典型规律,拉伸破坏断面呈现典型的“韧涡”状的韧性断裂特质,结合界面附近区域内材料的韧性和延展性能优良,界面的渗漏率小于2．7×10－10 Pa.m3/s,气密性能符合ITER标准.