马克思历史辩证法视阈中的劳动主体与劳动所有权关系——读《资本论》及其手稿

摘要

In the process of deeply elaborating the varying condition and development logic on the relationship between laborers and labor ownership,Marx used his historical dialectics centrally and thoroughly.Under Marx's historic dialectics,the relationship between laborers and labor ownership is a process of negation of negation from "natural unification to complete separation and to re-unification".As a logic item,the stage of the "complete separation" implicates the process of the negation of negation on the total loss of the labor ownership(the slave) to partial acquirement(the serf) and to total loss(the worker) ".Under the new historical condition,excavating and elaborating the theory on the relationship between laborers and laborer ownership under Marx's historical dialectics are of practical significance for current Chinese society to further respect labor and to lay stress on the labor ownership of laborers.%在深刻阐述劳动主体与劳动所有权关系的变化条件和发展逻辑的过程中,马克思集中、彻底地运用了历史辩证法。在马克思的历史辩证法视阈中,劳动主体与劳动所有权的关系,表现为一个＂天然统一——完全分离——重新统一＂的否定之否定过程。其中,作为逻辑中项的＂完全分离＂阶段,又内嵌着劳动所有权＂全部丧失（奴隶）——部分获得（农奴）——全部丧失（工人）＂的否定之否定过程。在新的历史条件下,深入挖掘和阐发马克思历史辩证法视阈中的劳动主体与劳动所有权关系理论,对于当代中国社会如何进一步尊重劳动、重视劳动者的劳动所有权等有着深刻的现实意义。