下颌双侧低位近中阻生第三磨牙微创与传统拔除的对照研究

摘要

Objective: To compare the effects of minimally invasive surgery and traditional method in removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Methods: 120 patients with bilateral impacted mandibular third molars were divided into two groups by randomized self-crossover design. The experimental group underwent minimally invasive surgery and control group underwent traditional chisel osteotomy. The operation time length, the intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, patient satisfaction, and dental fear rate were recorded and analyzed. Results: The operation time length in the experimental group was shorter than that of the control group, the intraoperative complications, postoperative complications and dental fear incidence rate in the experimental group were lower than control group patients, and with a higher satisfaction rates. Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery in removal of impacted mandibular third molars is evidently superior to the traditional chisel osteotomy method.%目的：通过同体对照方法，比较微创法与传统凿骨劈冠法拔除下颌低位近中阻生第三磨牙的临床效果。方法：2012—2015年，在浦东新区人民医院口腔科就诊，需拔除双侧下颌低位近中阻生智齿的患者120例。随机分为2组，第1组一侧第三磨牙首先采用微创拔牙技术拔除（研究组），另一侧采用凿骨劈冠法拔除（对照组），两次操作间隔3个月。第2组拔牙方法的顺序相反，先用凿骨劈冠法拔除一侧第三磨牙（对照组），3月后采用微创拔牙法拔除另一侧（研究组）。对两种拔牙方法患者的拔牙时间、术中并发症、术后并发症、患者满意度、牙科畏惧率等进行比较观测和统计学分析。结果：研究组的拔牙时间、术中并发症、术后并发症、畏惧率明显较对照组低，两组间差距有统计学意义；且研究组患者满意度高，两组间差距有统计学意义。结论：运用微创拔牙技术拔除下颌低位阻生智齿，临床效果优于传统的凿骨劈冠法。