目的 了解老年髋部骨折患者出院后1年内的日常生活活动能力和并发症发生情况,为患者提供正确的功能锻炼方法,改善预后.方法 选取骨科老年髋部骨折患者50例,固定1～2名护士于患者出院后1个月、3个月、6个月及1年进行上门随访,对日常生活活动能力和并发症发生情况进行评估.结果 3例患者在出院后3个月内死亡,1例患者在出院后6个月内死亡.其余46例患者出院时日常生活活动能力(27.56±3.14)分;出院后1个月(43.02±5.56)分;3个月(67.91±4.97)分;6个月(87.44±2.74)分;1年(92.56±3.96)分.发生压疮5例,肺部感染3例,深静脉血栓1例,脑血管意外1例,再次跌倒致对侧骨折1例,关节僵硬3例.结论 本组患者出院后1年日常生活活动能力有明显提高,并发症及意外的发生率为36%.加强老年髋部骨折患者出院的持续性护理和康复指导,提高家庭支持力度,积极治疗原发病,减少并发症及意外发生,有助于提高生活质量和自理能力.%Objective To understand activities of daily living and complications of elderly patients with hip fracture within one year after discharge and to provide appropriate functional exercises for them. Methods The follow-up was conducted among 50 elderly patients with hip fiacture 1, 3, 6 month and one year after discharge. Activities of daily living (ADL) and complications such as bedsore, deep venous tbrombosis, ]nng infection, nrinar tract infection, anchylosis were assessed. Results 3 cases died within 3 months after discharge and one died within 6 month. The scores of the left 46 cases based on ADL evaluation was (27.56 ±3.14) at the moment of discharge; (43.02±5.56) one month after discharge; (67.91±4.97) three months after disc}large; (87.44±2.74) six months after discharge; (92.56±3.96) one year after discharge. And in term of complications, 5 cases were with bedsore, one with deep venous thrornbos:is, tinge with lung infection, three witb anchylosis, one with cerebrovascular accident and one with fracture. Conclusion Activities of daily living of elderly patients improves obviously. Continuous nursing, rehabilitation guidance and prevention of complications and accidents will benefit the improvement of quality of life.
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