跨理论模式的健康教育对糖尿病患者生活质量及自护能力的影响

摘要

Objective To study the effects of health education on quality of life and cultivation of self‐care ability for diabetics based on trans‐theoretical model .Method 80 patients with diabetics were randomly divided into control group and an experimental group ,40 cases in each group .The conventional diabetes health education was used for the control group ,and the health education of trans‐theoretical model was used for the experimental group .Using comprehensive assessment questionnaire (GQOL1‐74) of quality of life and diabetes’ self‐care behavior scale (the Self‐care of Diabetes Mellitus Index ,SCDMI) to evaluate the two groups of patients before the intervention ,30 days and 6 months since the starting of the intervention separately .Result The blood biochemical indicators ,the scores of quality of life ,self‐care confidence ,self‐care maintenance and self‐care management in experimental group were much higher than that in control group 6 months after intervention .There were significant difference between two group (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Compared with the conventional health education ,the health education based on trans‐theoretical model can effectively reduce blood sugar ,improve the quality of life ,enhance self‐care ability , maintain normal functions and structural integrity of organs .%目的：探讨基于跨理论模式的健康教育对糖尿病患者生活质量及自我护理能力培养的影响。方法将80例糖尿病患者随机分为对照组和观察组各40例，对照组实施糖尿病常规健康教育，观察组用跨理论模式进行健康教育。应用生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOL1‐74）和糖尿病自护行为量表分别于干预前、干预后30 d、6个月对两组患者进行测评。结果干预后6个月观察组血糖生化指标、生活质量、自护信心、自护维持、自护管理得分均高于对照组，差别有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论与常规糖尿病健康教育相比，以跨理论模型为依据制订的健康教育方案能有效降低血糖，改善糖尿病患者的生活质量，提高患者糖尿病的自我护理能力，维持器官结构的正常功能及完整性。