Aromatic polyamide composite reverse osmosis membrane was selected to treat radioactive waste water. Sodium ions and calcium ions are key metal ions contained in the low and intermediate level radioactive waste water. The effect of sodium ions, calcium ions on the retention efficiency of non-active nuclides cobalt ions and membrane permeation flux were studied under different pH values and operating pressures. The study shows that Na+ and Ca2+ in the radioactive waste water can reduce the retention efficiency of cobalt, and the depression effect of Ca2+ on the removal of cobalt is greater than the effect of Na+. The optimum process parameters are determined as follows: pH=10, operating pressure greater than 1 MPa. The retention efficiency of cobalt in radioactive waste water is maintained up to 98％. The results show that reverse osmosis can effectively remove cobalt from radioactive waste water, and meanwhile get a stable membrane flux.%选用聚酰胺反渗透膜处理模拟核电站中低放射性废水.考察了核电站中低放射性废水中主要存在的金属离子Na+、Ca2+在不同pH值及不同操作压力下对废水中钴离子的截留率及膜通量的影响.研究表明,核电站放射性废水中含有的Na+、Ca2+会降低反渗透对钴的截留率,且Ca2+对钴截留率的影响要大于Na+对钴截留率的影响.得到较优的实验条件为:在pH=10、压力大于1 MPa时,对模拟废水中钴的截留率稳定保持在98%以上.反渗透技术可以有效地去除核电站放射性废水中的钴元素,并且可以获得稳定的膜通量.
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