农户水土保持技术采用行为研究——基于黄土高原1152户农户的调查数据

摘要

利用黄土高原陕甘宁3省 (区) 1 152份农户调查数据, 基于农户感知价值理论, 从农户对技术的感知价值和对生态环境的感知风险视角切入, 探索感知价值对农户水土保持技术采用行为的主效应, 考虑收入水平的差异, 分析总收入和农户分化分析调节效应.研究结果表明: (1) 农户年龄越小、农用机械数量越多、耕地面积越多, 农户之间相互信任程度越高, 政府支持程度越高, 农户采用水土保持工程技术的概率越大.农用机械数量越多、耕地面积越多, 政府支持程度越高, 农户采用水土保持耕作技术的概率越大. (2) 农户感知利益、感知风险对其水土保持工程技术和耕作技术采用行为都存在显著的正向影响. (3) 总收入能够显著负向调节感知利益与水土保持工程技术采用行为之间的关系, 也能够显著负向调节感知利益、感知风险与水土保持耕作技术采用行为之间的关系, 农户分化能够显著负向调节感知风险与水土保持工程技术和耕作技术采用行为之间的关系.由此提出通过增加农户对生态环境的感知风险来提高农户对水土保持技术的感知利益等政策建议, 以促进水土保持技术的推广应用.%The main effect of perceived value on the behavior of farmers' adoption of soil and water conservation technology is tested by using a survey data of 1 152 households in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia provinces on the Loess Plateau, based on the perspective of the Theory of Perceived Value, and from the perspective of farmers' perceived benefit and perceived risk.Considering the differences in income levels, analysis of the adjustment effect of total income and farmers' differentiation is made.The results show that: (1) The younger the age, the more agricultural machinery, the more cultivated land, the higher degree of mutual trust among farmers, the higher the government support, the greater probability of the farmers' use of soil and water conservation engineering technology.The more agricultural machinery, the more cultivated land, the higher government support, the higher probability of farmers' adoption of soil and water conservation tillage technology. (2) The farmers' perceived benefits and perceived risks have significant positive effects on farmers' use of soil and water conservation engineering and tillage technology. (3) The total income can significantly negatively regulate the relationship between perceived benefits and the use of soil and water conservation engineering technology, and can significantly negatively regulate the relationship between perceived benefits, perceived risk and tillage technology;and farmers' differentiation can significantly negatively regulate perceived risk and engineering and tillage technology.Thus some suggestions are put forward to improve farmers' perceived benefits of soil and water conservation technology and increase farmers' perceived risk of ecological environment, to promote the popularization and application of soil and water conservation technology.