生态补偿有利于精准扶贫吗?——以三峡生态屏障建设区为例

摘要

基于三峡库区生态屏障区的1080户农户调查数据,利用分位数回归和OLS分组回归的方法,分析了不同生态补偿形式对农户家庭收入的影响,进而验证生态补偿能否实现精准扶贫.研究发现:生态林、退耕还林和经济林等三种现金补偿方式更有利于高收入农户;长江绿化项目雇员等工作岗位型补偿在低分位数上显著提升了农户的家庭收入.现行三峡生态屏障区生态补偿政策起到了一定的益贫作用,但为实现精准脱贫的目标,后续应考虑到农户异质性以扩大其适应范围,并注重措施的长期性执行和保障机制的完善.%This paper uses grouping regression and quantile regression method to analyze 1 080 peasant house-holds'survey data of the ecological barrier area around the Three Gorges reservoir,and studies the effects of different types of ecological compensation on peasant household income to find out whether ecological compensation benefits tar-geted poverty alleviation.The result shows that three kinds of land cash compensation in upper quantile significantly increased farmers'income,including ecological forest compensation.Yangtze River landscaping project employees' compensation on the low quantile significantly enhance the income of farm households and there is no impact in mid digits.The compensation policy has alleviated poverty in someway.But we should consider more about the heteroge-neity of farmers,change the compensation policy in order to achieve the goal of poverty reduction.