运用问卷调查和深度访谈方法,分析了陕西宁强民众认识地震灾害的水平和响应汶川M,8.0地震灾害冲击的实际能力.结果表明,宁强民众认知与响应地震灾害的综合水平很不理想,无论在地震灾害知识的荻取还是防震减灾技能的提高上还有很大的提升空间;在认知与响应地震灾害的不同方面,民众的防震减灾技能最差,地震灾害知识水平次之,而震时及震后自救互救与震后信息传播两个层面稍好一些;民众对地震知识的理解还停留在表面现象上,对复杂、抽象的地震知识的理解和掌握,特别是对地震知识掌握的准确性和深层次理解还有待提高;从震后民众获取地震灾害信息的主渠道来看,加大政府对地震灾害知识和防灾技能的宣传力度,使地震信息公开透明化,是减轻地震灾害风险的有效途径之一.%Using questionnaire and interview methods, the cognition and response of the social public to the earthquake disasters is studied. The comprehensive levels and abilities of the cognition and response of the Ningqiang public to the earthquake disasters are not ideal, there are greatly improved space in the research area, whether from the earthquake disaster knowledge acquisition or mitigation skills. In the aspects of cognition and responses to the earthquake disaster, the disaster mitigation skills of the public are worst, then, the knowledge level of the earthquake disaster. The two aspects of the self and mutual medical aid and information dissemination are little better. Understanding of the social public for the earthquake knowledge and views still stays in the phenomenon of the surface. The complex, abstract earthquake knowledge's understanding and mastering, especially for the accuracy and profound remains to further improve. After the earthquake from the public access to information, to strengthen the government about the main earthquake disaster prevention knowledge and skills of the propaganda and the seismic information transparency earthquake disaster reduction is one of the effective ways to avoid risk.
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