草原生态失衡与游牧民定居政策的博弈--以甘南碌曲为例

摘要

Since 1950s,the ecological environment in North China is dramatically deteriorating and the settling of nomads has become a social hot topic.Gannan is a key middle area between the inland and Xizang,and proper handling of the settling issue of nomads is a key matter of Chinese bordering secu-rity.The practical significance of nomads settling issue,in terms of ecological significance,social ben-efits and economic efficiency,becomes prominent due to the limits of traditional nomadic production in China,the constant deterioration of western grassland ecology (with Luqu as a typical one),and Ti-betan nomads'longing for a better life.The game between the status quo of grassland ecological im-balance and settling policy of nomads can get to a perfect end only through the improvement of living conditions of nomads after the settling and restoration of grassland ecology.%20世纪50年代末以来，我国西部地区生态环境急剧恶化，游牧民定居成为社会关注的热点。甘南是由内地过渡到西藏的重要中间地带，解决好其境内游牧民定居问题，关系到我国的边疆安全。而我国传统游牧生产的局限性、以碌曲为代表的西部草原生态的持续恶化以及藏族游牧民向往更好生活的愿望都凸显了游牧民定居的现实意义，无论是生态意义、社会效益，还是经济效能。草原生态失衡的现状与游牧民定居政策的博弈，只有在定居后游牧民生活改善、草原生态得以恢复中才能得到完美结局。