土壤有机碳(SOC)库是陆地生物圈中最大的碳库,约占陆地总碳储量2/3,而森林土壤碳占全球土壤碳贮量73％,森林SOC储量及其变化直接影响到了全球的碳平衡.森林土壤碳储量及收支计量多采用模型方法,基于研究文献,对现有主要土壤有机质模型的类型、应用对象及其模拟精度等进行简介,重点分析和比较现在常用模型的应用范围、特征及适用对象,并对模型的模拟面积、模型性能、时空尺度及模拟结果等特征进行评估,以CENTURY模型阐述模型模拟机理、计算法则、影响因素、土壤、气候植被等输入参数的不确定性.%Forestry soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important component of the global carbon cycle > which effects the global carbon balance. Presently, the changes in SOC stock can arise because of the climatic changes or changes in the land use and land management. Here we introduced various kinds of estimating methods on forest SOC, analyzed characters, excellences and disadvantages of each method, enumerated the principal features of the most popular existing soil organic matter (SOM) models dealing with C and N turnover. At least 250 models dealing with soil carbon and nutrient turnover existed. Among these models, we considered in detail the mechanistic compartment-based models. Based on their internal structure, models describing SOM dynamics could be divided into (1) process-oriented and (multi)-compartment models, (2) organism-oriented (food-web) models, (3) cohort models describing decomposition as a continuum, and (4) a combination of model types (1) and (2). The new features, areas supported capabilities, spatial and temporal scale, uncertainty and limitations of main SOC models were introduced. According to the mechanism of CENTURY, principles and methods of some influence factors including the parameters of soil, plant, and climate were advanced. With the CENTURY model uncertainty and influence factor of precision, conceptual basis and scientific detail were analyzed.
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